In the last article, we briefly analyzed the application prospect, customer selection, and operation model of photovoltaic power generation systems. Today, we talked about the personnel recruitment, operation and maintenance business management, cost control of electricity and how to increase operating income. . 1, personnel recruitment and operation and maintenance business management O&M talents are the core competitiveness of O&M. Excellent O&M teams can improve business training efficiency and reduce company management costs. The operation and maintenance team has formed a new talent ladder with the old belt to improve team cohesion, reduce talent costs, and facilitate company management. The core of talent management is training. The training work mainly includes industrial safety training, electric power safety training, corporate culture training, basic technical training, and special skills training training to be combined with practice to achieve results. Corporate culture training through the promotion of the company's work philosophy and work methodology, so that employees from the ideological recognition of business management, and thus achieve the state of inaction and governance, corporate culture is the soul of corporate training. All training must form a system to be truly implemented in the enterprise. Practice is the core of enterprise training. The training and skill level of technicians should correspond to wages. Actively develop online courses to promote the rapid growth of the operation and maintenance team and form a serious and effective enterprise technology training. It is a key element to protect the core competitiveness of O&M. Employees' localized management is the key to ensuring the long-term stability of the operation and maintenance team. Locally recruiting suitable talents and assessing the salary level of the industry determine the compensation based on skills and competitive positions. The procurement of component cleaning services can be divided into on-site procurement and centralized procurement. The advantage of procurement is that the cleaning team can quickly respond to the cleaning needs of the power station components. The advantage of centralized procurement lies in the convenient control of the operation and maintenance costs; the equipment maintenance service can be selected according to the configuration and skill level of the operation and maintenance team, and the external maintenance services are mainly controlled. The points are safety management, cost control, response speed, maintenance quality, and contractor evaluation system management. The development of the operation and maintenance business needs to be guided by the customer experience. The operation and maintenance company needs to establish a perfect operation and maintenance management system, mainly from seven aspects: production operation and maintenance, safety and quality, power generation planning and power marketing, overhaul and rapid Responsiveness, material storage, production training and authorization, documentation and information management. In addition, a multi-dimensional evaluation report is indispensable to allow the customer or company management to fully understand the operation and operation of the power plant, and to report on power consumption, power limitations, faults, power plant energy efficiency, equivalent utilization hours, and critical equipment unavailable. The rate, non-planned energy loss, unplanned off-grid times, and off-net time (applicable to grid-connected power stations), peer-to-peer benchmarking, electricity cost, material usage, safety management, and other aspects provide a concrete comprehensive evaluation. 2, cost control The electricity cost of photovoltaic power generation mainly includes: operation and maintenance costs, financial expenses, depreciation costs of fixed assets, and taxes and costs. Operation and maintenance costs are the main cost expenditures, mainly overhead transmission and maintenance fees, equipment technical supervision and testing fees, component cleaning fees, equipment maintenance and repair of external committees, spare parts and consumables procurement fees, outsourcing power charges, tools and equipment Metrological apparatus verification fees, maintenance fees for structures and facilities, safety production costs, standardized construction fees, technical renovation fees, external diagnostic assessment fees, and production insurance premiums. The financial costs are mainly composed of corporate management costs, labor costs, financing costs, procurement costs, social insurance premiums, documentation fees, rental fees, training fees, labor insurance premiums, transportation costs, and logistical charges. The influencing factors of depreciation cost of fixed assets are the original amount of assets, net residual value of assets, useful life, used years, and the degree of asset depletion, etc. The depreciation of fixed assets of photovoltaic power plants is often calculated using the average life method or the double-balance declining method. Tax costs mainly include income tax, value-added tax, sales tax addition (urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge), and land use tax. The expenses are mainly controlled by production costs and financial costs. If necessary, the necessary measurement tools are properly used. Other measurement tools, such as leases or technical supervision test items, can be saved in the maintenance category of the external committee. This can save the expenditure incurred each year due to the verification of measurement tools; The spare parts coordinating mechanism can reduce the inventory of a single power plant; selecting suitable component cleaning equipment according to the site condition of the power station can reduce the cost of cleaning the components; signing a long-term maintenance response contract with the external maintenance organization, reducing the overall quotation of the external committee maintenance, and adopting energy-saving living Facilities to reduce the amount of purchased electricity, reduce the cost of outsourcing power costs; establish a talent echelon training mechanism, to reduce labor costs with the old belt; according to the market to choose the timing of procurement, reduce procurement costs; use paperless office, reduce document costs, etc. . In addition, good operation and maintenance equipment improves the useful life of equipment and the efficiency of use, increases the net residual value of fixed assets, carries out VAT deductions, reduces the cost of taxes and fees; and the use of reasonable land to reduce the cost of land-use tax is also effective. The way to reduce costs and increase efficiency, in general, the cost savings is to accumulate bit by bit, and the improvement of profits must be made in terms of cost savings and power generation. 3. Increase in operating income The planned power generation is guaranteed to be the basis for the profitability of photovoltaic operation and maintenance companies. The planned power generation capacity must be rationally allocated according to the signing model of the operation and maintenance contract. The planned power generation output must take into account local power curtailment, line loss, and local light resource conditions. The comprehensive efficiency of the power station, the annual decay rate of the components, the stability of the local power grid, the new power grid reconstruction and maintenance plan, etc. In addition to the rational allocation of electricity, it is important to pay attention to improving the efficiency of the power plant. To reduce the failure rate of equipment and increase the availability of equipment is an important means to ensure the increase of power generation. Clean the components in time to increase the power generating unit's output; conduct aging research on power station equipment, replace aging parts in time, and implement technological transformation when necessary; actively participate in grid-friendly plant assessment, reduce power loss; actively carry out power marketing work to ensure power generation The timely recovery of cash flow reduces the interest expense on financing; using the high-quality power station monitoring system, the company headquarters collects the power station operation data in real time and conducts big data analysis, and gives timely guidance to power station operation and maintenance personnel, such as: according to daylight illumination data, power station daily power generation Situation, power limiting, and fault conditions can be analyzed and predicted cleaning time of components; equipment maintenance and early warning can be performed according to the analysis of equipment operating data dispersion rate; and whether or not component sampling needs to be regularly sampled to determine the component attenuation in a timely manner based on the string operation data. The operation and maintenance management based on big data analysis is the development direction of the future photovoltaic business. Under the premise of enhancing the power generation capacity of the power station and ensuring the operating income of the power station, it can appropriately expand other service operations for regional operation and maintenance, such as undertaking maintenance work of residential distributed photovoltaic power stations, contracting maintenance and overhaul of charging piles, carrying out maintenance and training business, and contracting. Consultation work in the field of power station operation and maintenance, contractor non-holding special technical transformation work and overhaul work for the power station, etc.
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