Top dressing, also known as foliar fertilization, is a method of fertilizing a low-concentration solution of a water-soluble fertilizer or biological substance onto a growing crop leaf. Soluble substances enter the plant through the outer plasmodes of the leaves through the exosome filaments of the leaves, and are used to supplement the special needs of certain nutrients in the growth period of the crop or to regulate the growth and development of the crops.

The characteristics of top dressing are:

1 In the late stage of crop growth, when the ability of roots to absorb nutrients from the soil is weakened or when it is difficult to carry out soil topdressing, the root dressing can replenish plant nutrients in time;

2 external top dressing can avoid the adverse effects of soil on some nutrients (such as some trace elements) after fertilizer application, and timely correct crop deficiency syndrome;

3 When the metabolic process in the body is enhanced during the growth period of the crop, the external top dressing can improve the overall function of the crop. The top dressing can be combined with pest control or chemical weeding, and mixed with medicine and fertilizer, but mixed before it can be mixed, otherwise it will affect fertilizer efficiency or efficacy. The effect of application depends on a variety of environmental factors, particularly the climate, wind speed and the time the solution remains on the foliage. Therefore, the top dressing should be carried out in the clear, windless afternoon or evening.
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