First, the strong development of China's machinery manufacturing industry and the severe backwardness of cutting technology
Tantalum Wire is a kind of filamentous Tantalum made from Tantalum Powder by rolling, drawing and other plastic processing methods. Tantalum wire is the most used in the electronic industry, which is mainly used in the anode lead of tantalum electrolytic capacitor.
BT Alloy Co.,Ltd. was founded in 2005 with a strong financial foundation, a sound system ofpersonnel and system management. The company is located in 205 Century Road,Dawukou Area, Shizuishan,Ningxia Province, China, and mainly produceand sale related Ta, Nb, Be and Graphite, Al products, semi-finished products. Afteryears of development, the company has two factories, which covers an area ofmore than 40000 square meters, with professional facilities and personnel.
Companiesadhering to the scientific management of modern enterprises, the production ofprecision, forge ahead, pioneering and innovative, rapid rise to the strengthenterprises in the local market. BT Alloy firmly believe that there is nomarket for the enterprise, only have enterprises that cannot find market. Thequality of the product and the company's integrity has been established as theprimary task. Over the years, BT Alloy spent lots of capital on the productdevelopment, and now has a mature technology and ability to provide highquality products for our customers.
Tantalum Wire Tantalum Wire,Tantalum Wire Mesh,Tantalum Wire Resistance,Tantalum Welding Wire SHIZUISHAN BT ALLOY CO.,LTD , http://www.szsbthj.com
At this seminar, many experts will introduce the latest achievements in modern and efficient cutting technology. These advanced processing technologies are very important for the rapidly developing Chinese machinery industry, because the Chinese machinery industry, which is moving towards modernization, needs to adopt advanced high-efficiency cutting technology to replace the original backward processing technology and equipment to improve competitiveness. This will be an irreversible trend.
In the past decade, China's manufacturing industry has become the main pillar to promote the development of the national economy. Since the beginning of the new century, "Made in China, Consumption in Europe and America" ​​has been called by many international economists as a powerful engine to promote global economic growth.
In 2005, China’s total exports reached a record level of 762 billion U.S. dollars, and the contribution rate of the manufacturing industry reached 93.57%, accounting for an absolute majority. Among them, the export value of mechanical and electrical products was 426.7 billion US dollars, accounting for 56% of the total export value. Therefore, the electromechanical industry is a well-deserved subject in the manufacturing industry.
The background of China's rapid development of manufacturing industry is: In the past decade, driven by economic globalization, the speed of the transfer of manufacturing in developed countries to China has never been faster. By the end of 2005, China’s accumulated actual use of foreign investment had reached 622.4 billion U.S. dollars, 70% of which was invested in manufacturing. The share of foreign-invested enterprises in China’s exports has reached 57%, exceeding the “half of the countryâ€. Therefore, the rapid development of China's manufacturing industry has obvious characteristics of international manufacturing transfer. At the same time, the large-scale entry of foreign capital has also played an important role in promoting the modernization of China's domestic manufacturing industry. Since the beginning of the new century, driven by strong demand, China's automobile industry, power industry, aerospace industry, shipbuilding industry, railway rolling stock industry, mold industry and general machinery industry have increased the introduction of foreign advanced technology and equipment. Scale and speed. In 2000, China imported 1.89 billion US dollars of machine tools, and in 2005 it increased to 6.5 billion US dollars, of which CNC machine tools accounted for 70%. The modern high-efficiency tools matched with it imported 80 million US dollars in 2000 and increased to more than 450 million US dollars in 2005. Since 2002, China's machine tool consumption has ranked first in the world for four consecutive years. In 2005, it reached 10.78 billion US dollars, almost double the consumption of developed countries such as Japan, Germany and the United States. These figures strongly suggest that the development of China's manufacturing industry in recent years has not only shown a quantitative increase, but also a qualitative change. Although this gratifying development momentum is still in its infancy, it marks that China is taking a firm step along a road from a manufacturing power to a manufacturing power.
What I am going to say today is an increasingly interesting and worrying issue arising from this good development trend. That is, the current capabilities of the Chinese equipment industry are far from meeting the manufacturing efficiency of high-efficiency cutting technology. Growing demand. This is not a new topic. In the past three to four years, the problem of China's equipment industry falling behind and restricting the development of the manufacturing industry has become the focus of attention from the government to the industry. In fact, for the machine tool industry insiders, as early as ten years ago, the challenge of this ability and demand is seriously out of touch. In the early 1990s, China's automobile industry began to introduce advanced manufacturing technology and equipment on a large scale, taking the lead in stepping out of the pace of China's manufacturing modernization. At that time, the machine tool industry had already felt a strong pressure: China's traditional machine tool technology and Equipment has been unable to meet the new demands of modern manufacturing for “quality, efficiency, energy saving, low consumption and environmental protectionâ€. At that time, from the government to the industry, we began to realize that we must adjust the product structure and improve the overall level to adapt to the new situation. To this end, under the leadership of the Ministry of Machinery Industry at that time, a series of plans and plans for revitalizing the machine tool industry were successively introduced.
Now, ten years have passed, what is the actual effect? From the perspective of the development of the machine tool industry itself, the progress is undoubtedly huge. The entire industry has not only expanded its production scale, but also made major changes in its product mix. The annual output of CNC machine tools in China has been stagnation on the scale of thousands of units in the 1990s. After entering the new century, it has made breakthrough progress. In 2005, the output reached 59,000 units; cutting tools are also from the traditional standard high-speed steel. The development of knives has led to a large number of enterprises that have entered the field of modern “high-precision, high-efficiency, high-reliability and special-purpose†tools based on carbide tools. Domestically produced knives have begun to occupy the field of efficient machining in China. A place.
These advances are real and obvious to all. But at the same time, a serious fact is in front of us: the progress we have made is still far from the demand for modern high-efficiency machining in the manufacturing industry. So far, modern cutting technology and equipment such as high-end CNC machine tools and high-efficiency cutting tools have relied mainly on the import pattern, and basically have not changed. That is to say, we have worked hard and improved in the past ten years, but the problem is far from solved. Hard work and unsuccessful, this is the biggest confusion currently facing. Everyone is asking: Where is the way to narrow the gap and quickly revitalize the equipment industry?
I think the road is still available, because the challenges we face now, by their very nature, are the pains of the transition from traditional manufacturing to modern manufacturing. Developed countries experienced this change 30 years ago, and they have a lot of experience worth learning and learning from.
To illustrate the problem, let's briefly review history. The process of a new round of modernization in the manufacturing industry in developed countries dates back to the 1970s and 1980s. At that time, countries have completed the stage of development of heavy and chemical industries and entered the era of knowledge economy. There are many new factors in the external environment of economic development, mainly because economic globalization has changed the competitive landscape, and the contradiction between resources, energy shortages and environmental issues has become increasingly prominent, and the original economic growth mode is unsustainable. Under the pressure of such a strong change, the manufacturing industry bears the brunt of the new development model of “efficient, low-cost, energy-saving and environmentally friendlyâ€. Among the many contradictions faced by the manufacturing industry in the world today, efficiency is the most important contradiction. Practice has proved that only through continuous pursuit of efficiency can we effectively handle other contradictions economically. Therefore, in the development of modern manufacturing technology, efficiency has been pushed to the most prominent position. It is an inevitable development trend for high-efficiency cutting technology to become the mainstream of modern manufacturing technology.
In developed countries, this development demand for manufacturing has received strong technical support from the machine tool industry. In the 1980s, information technology matured, creating conditions for the new round of development of CNC machine tools. The machine tool industry has rapidly entered a new development period of digital manufacturing technology and equipment, injecting a strong impetus to the transformation of the manufacturing industry. The tool industry has also taken a major step in the revolution, completely changing the old pattern of standardizing and generalizing tools that have produced the same uniformity for decades, creating the “high precision, high efficiency, high reliability and adaptability to the needs of modern manufacturing. Specialized" new pattern of tool production. With the development of modern material technology, coating technology and digital design and manufacturing technology, this new high-efficiency tool has been continuously innovated and improved, and has become a key factor in ensuring the development of high-efficiency cutting technology.
The machine tool enterprises in developed countries have changed from the manufacturers of ordinary machine tools and standardized tools to the modern digital manufacturing technology and equipment, and the supply service providers of new high-efficiency tools of “three high and one specialâ€, which provide powerful for the development of modern manufacturing technology. Technical support. This role transformation has undergone a process of transformation that is very difficult.
I am here to describe this change with "reborn" and emphasize the thoroughness of its transformation. Now, from our foreign counterparts, it is difficult to find traces of the traditional machine tool industry. A very straightforward example is that at the machine tool exhibitions abroad, it is difficult to trace ordinary machine tools and standardized tools. If you find several occasions, it is likely to be Chinese exhibitors.
From here, perhaps we can find the deeper reasons and solutions for our backwardness.
Second, the deep reason for the overall backwardness of China's machine tool industry is the long-term use of extensive growth model, weak innovation mechanism, lack of competitiveness in the face of international strong players
As mentioned above, the vast number of enterprises in China's machine tool industry have made tremendous progress after ten years of struggle. These advances are real. But at the same time, we must face such a grim reality: most of the modern high-efficiency processing technology and equipment urgently needed by domestic manufacturing industries rely on imports, and domestic machine tools only account for a small share. In the high-end technology field, it is the unification of imported technology. These two seemingly contradictory situations exist at the same time. What is the reason for the competition? I believe that although China's machine tool industry has made significant progress in a series of specific areas, it is still operating on the track of traditional industries. It has not produced qualitative changes, and it has not reached the level of the transformation of developed countries. The degree of "reborn". The overall competitiveness of the industry has not improved significantly, which is why it is backward. This can be seen very clearly from the following set of data.
In 2005, China produced 450,000 machine tools, including 59,000 CNC machine tools, all of which reached a record high level. However, we can't ignore a number, that is, the annual output of ordinary machine tools reaches 391,000 units, still occupying an absolute dominant position, and the numerical control rate of output value is less than 35% (more than 80% in countries such as Japan and the United States). In addition, 70% of domestic CNC machine tools are economical low-end products, and the overall level is still very low.
The situation in the tool industry is even more severe. Despite years of hard work, a number of leading tool companies have already taken a place in China's efficient tool market, but as far as the industry as a whole is concerned, traditional standard tools are still playing a leading role. In 2005, China produced 84,000 tons of high-speed steel and about 15,000 tons of hard alloys, accounting for about 40% of global tool materials consumption. But with so much resources consumed, the sales of manufactured tool products account for only about 12% of global tool sales. This is a big contrast, indicating that the overall level of our products is still low. At present, in the global consumption of cutting tools, high-efficiency tools with cemented carbide as the main body have accounted for more than 70% of the share, while China's production pattern is just the opposite, traditional standardized high-speed steel tools still account for 70%, and demand Development is not synchronized.
It can be seen from the above set of figures that the gap between the overall development level of China's machine tool industry and developed countries is still very large. This is an objective fact that must be acknowledged. That is to say, from the perspective of the whole industry, it is still running at a low level in the traditional industry mode, and it has not really turned to the high-level development track of modern technology. In economist terms, the extensive economic growth model has not been fundamentally changed. This is the reason why China's machine tool industry is lagging behind. Therefore, the solution to the problem is also very clear - completely change the extensive growth mode.
Of course, when it comes to the transformation of the mode of economic growth, it involves the overall problem of China's economic development, and the solution is far from simple. Many problems are complicated and not only solved in the machine tool industry. This is the biggest difficulty in the current development. For example, as mentioned above, in recent years, China's manufacturing industry has shown a good momentum of development. A number of leading companies have accelerated their pace with modern international manufacturing technologies, and there has been strong demand for efficient cutting technology and equipment. The domestic equipment industry cannot meet its needs and has to rely on a large number of imports. But another aspect of the problem is that a larger number of companies in China's manufacturing industry are still using backward equipment, relying on cheap labor, mass production and export of cheap machinery and parts. These companies still have a major share of the demand for ordinary machine tools and traditional standard tools in the domestic market. Due to the objective existence of this market demand, it is difficult for a large number of machine tool companies to make a new turn to modern manufacturing technology. Not only that, but some companies are still blindly vying for the market to slip down the downturn of quality and technology. Therefore, the extensive economic growth mode generally adopted by various industries in China's economic development has caused a large number of enterprises in the entire industrial chain to squeeze and roll together in a narrow space, and the living space is getting smaller and smaller. The vicious circle of self-extraction.
It can be seen that the current development dilemma of the machine tool industry is not an isolated phenomenon, but a microcosm of the overall difficulties facing China's economic development. In the past, the idea of ​​solving the development problems in the machine tool industry often seldom recognized the problem from such a point of view, but only from the inside of the industry, taking some "symptomatic treatment", grasping several special items, and promoting product structure adjustment, so it is impossible to fundamentally Solve the problem.
Third, the country's ongoing economic and social development strategy has undergone major adjustments, creating a favorable opportunity for the machine tool industry to transform its growth mode and improve its overall competitiveness.
As mentioned above, the extensive operation and low competitiveness of the machine tool industry is not an isolated phenomenon, but is widespread in all walks of life across the country and is a common shortcoming left in the planned economy era. This kind of malpractice has created a huge obstacle to the further development of China's economy and has attracted the attention of the state. In the past two or three years, the current central government has gradually established a new economic and social development strategy centered on the scientific development concept and fully promoting the transformation of economic growth mode and improving economic growth efficiency and efficiency. The implementation of this new strategy will have a profound impact on the development of all walks of life. However, so far, many companies still lack keen insight and in-depth research on this major shift in the country's economic development strategy. It is not seen that this will be a major opportunity to promote enterprise progress. I believe that every enterprise must accurately and timely understand the content and essence of the new national economic development strategy, and assess the possible impacts and opportunities for enterprise development in order to make countermeasures that are conducive to enterprise development.
The following is a brief introduction to the background and main connotation of this new strategy, the major economic policy changes involved, and the possible impact on the future development of the industry.
1. The Background of the Formulation of New Economic and Social Development Strategy——Based on Reflections and Conclusions on China's 26 Years of Reform and Development Achievements and Problems
In the past 26 years of China's reform and opening up, the extraordinary achievements have been obvious to all. In a country with the largest population in the world, it has maintained a rapid growth of 9.4% per year in GDP. Nearly 300 million people have been lifted out of poverty, 200 million people have moved from agriculture to towns, and the living standards of nearly 100 million people have entered the “middle classâ€. The level has created a world-famous "economic miracle."
At the same time, however, we have also paid a high price for these achievements. The excessive consumption of resources and energy, the serious destruction of the environment, the contradictions and risks of imbalances in economic and social development are increasingly apparent, and from the international community in the context of economic globalization. Risk factors are rising and so on. These are all serious challenges that we must face. Without solving these problems, economic and social development will be unsustainable.
2. Using the scientific development concept to guide the overall situation, transforming the mode of economic growth, and improving the efficiency and quality of economic growth are major strategic choices for China to meet the challenges of the new era.
The mode of economic growth is a fundamental issue in China's economic and social development. When the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" was formulated ten years ago, it was proposed to achieve "two fundamental changes." In the past decade, the first change, from the planned economy to the socialist market economic system, has made significant progress; the second change, that is, the transformation of economic growth from extensive to intensive, has had little effect. China has paid a high price for this transitional lag. Of course, the slow progress in the growth of the growth pattern that began ten years ago also has its external reasons: the market mechanism and the competitive landscape are taking shape at the time, and it is still not perfect; the overall scale of economic development is small; the government’s experience in controlling the market economy is not rich enough, etc. Wait.
Now, the external conditions for achieving the transition have matured. At the same time, the contradiction between resources, energy and the environment is becoming increasingly acute, and the transformation of the growth mode cannot be delayed. Therefore, it is of great significance for the country to emphasize the transformation of the mode of economic growth at the beginning of the 11th Five-Year Plan. Compared with ten years ago, although the formulation is similar, its substance has undergone major changes. First, the government's 10 years of experience in harnessing the market economy, based on insights into the situation, has made the development strategy adjustment policy different from the directional guidance of ten years ago, but a major decision that must be implemented by the country. There will then be a series of strong policy measures to advance its full implementation. Secondly, from the connotation point of view, the transformation of the current economic growth mode has transcended the narrow understanding of the past, and its connotation has been expanded into economic development, social development, harmonious development of man and nature, and the "four in one" of people's own comprehensive development. The transformation of the broad-based economic growth pattern. Therefore, the state's strategic decision on transforming the mode of economic growth is the overall guiding principle for all aspects of China's economic and social development in the new era. All walks of life and every enterprise should take this opportunity to innovate development ideas, solve development problems and improve Develop quality and embark on a Chinese-style sustainable economic development path.
3. In order to ensure the implementation of economic growth mode and the implementation of strategic decision-making, the state will make major policy adjustments in a series of specific development directions.
Recently, the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†outline submitted by the National People’s Congress has listed 22 major indicators, of which GDP has been listed as an expected indicator for the first time, and it is not subject to hard assessment. Eight items such as environment, energy consumption, urban endowment insurance, and rural cooperative medical care were assessed as binding indicators. From here, we can see the basic direction of the country's major adjustments to the economic and social development strategy. Around this general direction, the state will introduce a series of specific policies to comprehensively promote the transformation of economic development from extensive to intensive. In this critical period of economic and social transformation, each enterprise should pay close attention to changes in national policy orientation, make correct judgments on the situation, timely adjust its own development strategy, and take the initiative in economic transformation.
The following is a list of major strategic shifts related to growth patterns. mainly include:
(1) Taking a new road to industrialization, from resource consumption to resource conservation and environment-friendly transformation
The state will introduce and improve a series of policies to strictly manage resources and the environment. Therefore, the space for the expansion of enterprises that waste resources and pollute the environment and repeat at a low level will be shrinking.
(2) Economic growth is driven by external demand-driven to domestic demand-oriented
In recent years, China's import and export trade has developed rapidly. In 2005, China's foreign trade dependence reached 64%, and its export dependence reached 34%, far higher than the level of developed countries.
The growth of the national economy is overly dependent on import and export trade, which increases the risk from the international market and jeopardizes the national economic security. Therefore, the gradual shift of economic growth to domestic demand is the established policy of the country. In recent years, the state has issued a series of policies, including solving the "three rural issues", proposing "replenishing agriculture with work, bringing towns with cities", promoting regional balanced development, deepening the reform of medical and educational systems, seriously solving employment problems, and paying more attention to social equity. And fairness, etc., these policies seem to be relatively unrelated, but in fact, from an economic point of view, they are directly or indirectly centered around the improvement of domestic consumption capacity.
In this context, exports will pay more attention to actual benefits, and the era of exporting foreign exchange at any cost has passed. Therefore, some enterprises rely on the state's tax rebate subsidies at the expense of a large amount of resources and energy, and the operation mode of maintaining large quantities of low-value-added products will become more and more difficult to sustain.
(3) From the simple investment attraction to the direction of “bringing in and going out simultaneouslyâ€
With the adjustment of the economic and social development strategy, “inviting investment†will be carried out selectively. In the high-tech sector, the introduction of capital and technology is essential. However, in the general processing field, blind introduction cannot be continued. At the same time, the state will encourage qualified enterprises to go global, expand their links with the international market, and cultivate talents with international management capabilities. This is an important measure to improve the comprehensive competitiveness of Chinese enterprises. Enterprises with conditions should be prepared for this as soon as possible.
(4) Accelerating the adjustment of industrial structure by strengthening the tertiary industry as a breakthrough
The current unreasonable industrial structure in China is mainly manifested in: weak agricultural foundation; rapid industrial development, but extensive growth model, high cost of resource consumption and environmental pollution, and declining growth quality; service industry development is obviously lagging behind. During the "11th Five-Year Plan" period, the state will vigorously strengthen the agricultural foundation; continue to advance the process of industrialization, take a new road to industrialization, change the mode of growth, improve the efficiency and quality of growth, and vigorously develop the tertiary industry. Achieve the goal of “agricultural stability, industrial power, and service to the richâ€.
At present, China's service industry only accounts for 40% of the total economic output, far lower than the level of more than 70% of the developed countries, and the structure is biased towards the low-quality service of life-style, and will strengthen the knowledge of finance, insurance, consulting, logistics, etc. in the future. And the development of the production service industry.
Enterprises should pay close attention to the policy of strengthening the service industry in the country's adjustment and optimization of industrial structure. Do not think that we are in the secondary industry and have little to do with the service industry. In fact, the equipment industry in developed countries has a large proportion of consulting services for users, while domestic companies tend to focus only on producing and selling products. Strengthening services is an important aspect of transforming growth patterns and improving the competitiveness and efficiency of enterprises.
(5) From "introduction dependence" to "independent innovation"
Since the reform and opening up, the large-scale introduction of foreign advanced technology and equipment and advanced management experience has played an important role in promoting China's economic development and accelerating the pace of international integration. The current problem is that some localities and enterprises are over-reliant on introduction, and they are not paying attention to digestion and absorption and independent innovation, so that the problem of universal dependence on the introduction of various industries is becoming more and more serious. Since the core technology is basically in the hands of multinational companies, we only earn a hard bit of money at the low end of the industry chain, which seriously affects the overall competitiveness of the country.
Practice over the years has shown that technology introduction is conditional, and “market-for-technology†is also limited. The real core technology is basically impossible to buy. Only through independent innovation can we truly improve our industrial quality. The Chinese government has raised its independent innovation to a strategic level, which is of great significance. Every enterprise should realize that improving the ability of independent innovation is the basis for enhancing its core competitiveness, and it should be used as a breakthrough in promoting the transformation of economic growth mode.
4. Where is the way to revitalize the machine tool industry and meet the needs of the manufacturing industry?
In the past, I used a lot of space to enumerate a lot of data, and analyzed the grim situation that China's equipment industry lags behind the demand of manufacturing industry, as well as the deep-seated causes and solutions to these problems. The purpose is to make the ins and outs clear so that Relevant people inside and outside the industry have formed a consensus on a larger scale to promote the resolution of the problem. Finally, a conclusion and two suggestions should be proposed as a summary of this article.
1. One conclusion: taking the development and change of market demand as the starting point and destination of the enterprise to determine the development strategy, the road to rejuvenation will suddenly become bright.
Summarizing the development achievements and lessons of the machine tool industry in the past ten years, it can be summarized into three sentences: the scale (the industry scale has been expanded several times), and the level has been successfully developed (a large number of CNC machine tools and high-efficiency tools have been successfully developed, some have reached Or close to the international advanced level), but lost (high-end) market (domestic market share decline, high-end market is the unification of imported products). What is the reason for this? It is because the development of the industry lacks a clear development strategy as the basis and guidance. The increase in quantity and the increase in level mask the reality that a large number of enterprises in the industry continue to develop low-level and extensive development. As a result, they are now in front of the rapidly developing high-end market. Original shape." Summarize the lessons learned and revitalize the equipment industry in the future. We must put the development and changes that closely follow the market demand first. We must not lose long-term development opportunities in order to reap the immediate interests. We must take the market (especially the high-end market) as the market share. A measure of industry progress. Only in this way will the road to rejuvenation become wider and wider and clearer. In order to do this, companies must put their competitiveness at the forefront, and under the guidance of the scientific development concept, shift the extensive growth mode to intensive. I said a lot before, but the conclusion is as simple as that.
Of course, as mentioned in the previous article, the problem of extensive management is also affected by external factors. It is difficult to reverse the enterprises of one industry alone. Now the country is proceeding from the overall situation of development, making great determination, making great efforts, and grasping the strategic transformation of economic development. The external conditions are gradually improving, and the equipment industry must seize this opportunity, earnestly carry out development and revitalization, and hand over a good answer to meet the needs of the manufacturing industry.
2. One of the suggestions: to improve the ability of independent innovation as a breakthrough to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises
In the strategic transformation of China's economic and social development, the central leadership clearly pointed out that independent innovation capability is an important support for adjusting the economic structure and transforming the mode of economic growth, and is an important support for maintaining the long-term stable and rapid development of China's economy. The important support of an environment-friendly society is also an important support for China's economy to improve its international competitiveness and its ability to resist risks. This shows that the importance of independent innovation is self-evident. However, due to various historical and social reasons, the weakest of our country's enterprises is the ability to innovate. Therefore, we must take effective measures to cultivate and stimulate innovation.
(1) Do everything possible to stimulate the innovation needs and motivation of enterprises
China's vast state-owned enterprises or joint-stock enterprises with state-owned assets often do not really become independent entities in the sense of market economy. As the backbone of the industry, they have the strength to innovate, but there is not enough innovation demand and innovation power. This shows that the reform of the current state-owned enterprises' systems and mechanisms is still not complete and not in place. Institutional deficiencies have caused a great constraint on the ability to innovate. The seriousness of this problem cannot be underestimated. It should be resolved by deepening the market-oriented reform of state-owned enterprises. Private enterprises can be divided into two situations: a small number of enterprises have embarked on the road of innovation and development, although the strength is not strong enough, but has formed a conscious demand for innovation, and the development prospects are promising. More private enterprises are still at the low end of the industrial chain, and the activity space is increasingly restricted and compressed. It is necessary to guide them to recognize the development trend and enhance the product structure through innovation.
(2) Enterprise innovation should focus on the big picture, start small, adapt to local conditions, and strive for effectiveness
Nowadays, the most popular sentence is to "master the core technology". This is undoubtedly completely correct. We have suffered in many areas because we have not mastered the core technology. However, in practice, the problem cannot be absolute and one-sided. The fundamental purpose of innovation is to improve the comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises. All enterprise activities related to them need innovation, not only technology must be innovative, but management and systems must be innovative. For example, Lenovo acquired IBM's PC business, but the two main core technologies of the PC, chip and software, are not in the hands of Lenovo, which is of course a big problem. However, Lenovo has turned a loss to the PC in IBM's hands. If there is no Lenovo's accumulated innovation in management, marketing and technology, can it be achieved? Another example is the Korean Tool Association's visit to China. China's tooling technology is not lower than that of South Korea, but its export efficiency is much worse than that of South Korea, indicating that the development and operation of the international market requires research and improvement. These two examples show that the topic of enterprise innovation is ubiquitous, we must broaden our thinking, grasp the project, and do our best to achieve practical results. The key is to cultivate enterprise innovation culture and innovation mechanism as a support to improve the competitiveness of enterprises. With this kind of innovative environment, when the conditions are ripe, the breakthrough and mastery of the core technology will be completed.
(3) The development of common technologies in the industry (such as new material technology, coating technology, digital manufacturing technology, etc. in the tool industry) needs to be carried out by means of cooperation in production, learning and research. The government should open up special channels to help, which is developed countries. The government supports the industry's common practice of improving competitiveness. China's Taiwan region is also doing this, which is very effective and worth learning.
3. The second suggestion - adhere to the principle of opening to the outside world, cooperation and win-win situation
During this period of time, the propaganda of “independent innovation†has increased. Some people may guess: Is China’s policy of opening to the outside world changed? Do you have to close the door and do it yourself? This is a misunderstanding. First, in a market economy environment, any enterprise must have the capability of independent innovation in order to survive and develop. This is the normal state of the enterprise in the market economy. Many enterprises in China have been operating under the planned economic system for a long time, and their ability to innovate independently is not strong. After entering the market economy, they have not completely reversed and formed a dependence on imported technology. Emphasis on independent innovation now only allows companies to enter the normal state of the market economy, and does not return to the past closed state. Second, in the context of economic globalization, the innovation mechanism of enterprises must be open-ended. Only by making full use of the advanced technology and management knowledge already available in the world will the innovation cost be greatly reduced. It is not feasible to "close the door". It is also stupid.
Therefore, China’s policy of adhering to openness, cooperation and mutual benefit will not change. However, some of these issues are worth discussing.
Nowadays, after foreign-invested enterprises enter China, most of them are sole proprietorship enterprises. Even if they agree to joint ventures, they must also hold a controlling stake, leaving little room for negotiation between the two sides and affecting the expansion of cooperation. There are two situations: First, multinational groups have an established global strategy, and it is unlikely to accommodate the requirements of Chinese partners, and this situation is estimated to not change much in the near future; the second case is some Although foreign-funded enterprises have the desire to cooperate, they are afraid of cultivating their competitors and damaging their own interests. For this question, I would like to say a dialectical point of view: competition between enterprises and conflicts of interest are objective, but it is more important to make "cake" (market) bigger than to compete for "cake" (market). Just the right cooperation can achieve a win-win goal. I have a top 10 countries in the world for tool sales in 2004, followed by the United States, Germany, Australia, Italy, France, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Japan, South Africa and Brazil. An interesting phenomenon can be found in the countries with more developed manufacturing and tool industries, and more imported tools. Although China's import tools have grown rapidly in recent years, the absolute value is still far behind the top ten. This illustrates the truth: don't worry about China's manufacturing and tool industries becoming stronger, because it turns out that strong manufacturing will have stronger demand, and the market will expand and everyone will benefit. This is the basis for joint ventures and cooperation between Chinese and foreign companies to achieve a "win-win" situation. Of course, in the specific operation, both Chinese and foreign parties must increase their understanding, build trust, and strive to find common ground of interests through frank and patient communication. Both sides will make the risk of gains and losses clear, and the hope of success will be greater. For Chinese companies, the choice of foreign small and medium-sized enterprises as the target of cooperation, the two sides have their own needs, to achieve more opportunities for cooperation and win-win. I think that Chinese companies should use their brains to expand their opening up and foreign cooperation and speed up the pace of "going out".
Abstract 1. The strong development of China's machinery manufacturing industry and the severe backwardness of cutting technology. At this seminar, many experts will introduce the latest achievements of modern high-efficiency cutting technology. These advanced processing technologies are in the midst of rapid development...