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The main diseases after pear flowering are: pear black spot disease and black spot disease. Pests include pear bee, pear stem bee, pear hibiscus, and yellow meal.
After the spring, as the temperature rises, germs and pests begin to move. In case of rainy weather, the spore tray or ascospores of the bacteria swell and rupture, and a large number of pathogen spores are emitted into the air. These pathogen spores will splash with the flow of air or rain. The zoospores will adhere to the surface of the fruit and leaves and invade from the pores, and the bacteria will infect the plants. After infestation, the bacteria first lie in the fruit or leaves for a period of time, and the incubation period of different diseases is different: for example, brown spot disease is 6-12 days, round rotten fruit disease is 15-150 days, and spotted leaf disease is 3-6 hours.
Both spotted leaf deciduous disease and brown spot disease can cause the apple leaves to fall off in advance, and the brown fox leaves are mainly caused by brown spot disease. The black spot disease of pears can not only cause the leaves of pear trees to fall off, but also cause the fruits to lose their edible value. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of diseases is more important than pests.
Second, the type of fungicide for the action mode of fungicides The characteristics of protective fungicides: 1, the formation of a uniform and dense protective film on the surface of the fruit and leaves, effectively preventing the contact of pathogens and fruits and leaves. 2. Inhibit the germination of zoospores and kill zoospores. 3. There are many points of action on the pathogen target. 4, continuous use will not produce resistance. It is generally used mainly before or during the onset of plants.
Characteristics of systemic therapeutics: 1. Systemic therapeutic agents are absorbed by plants in fruits and leaves and participate in fluid flow in plants. 2, systemic fungicides mainly inhibit or destroy the formation of pathogen hyphae, control the expansion and spread of the disease. 3. The single point of action on the target of the pathogen is single, and continuous use will induce the resistance of the pathogen to the agent. Generally used after the onset of fruit trees.
Third, we must consider the safety of the drug on young fruit. The fruit of apple and pear is sensitive to chemical agents during the young fruit period. If the medicine is improper, it will cause the fruit to enlarge, the skin becomes thicker, and if it is serious, it will produce fruit rust or invisible. The phytotoxicity causes the fruit to lose its edible value. Therefore, in the young fruit period, copper preparations, sulfur preparations, bacteriostatic agents, synergists, penetrants, and unsafe dosage forms that may cause phytotoxicity to young fruits are not used as much as possible. Try to choose safe dosage forms for young fruits such as water-dispersible granules, soluble powders, liquids, liquid suspensions and good quality wettable powders.
4. Considering the cost of medication and exerting the maximum efficacy The uncleanness of the water used in the application will have a certain impact on the efficacy of the drug. At the same time, due to the waxy and velvety on the surface of the fruit and leaves, the infiltration of the agent is poor and the coverage is low. Will affect the control effect. If you add soft water, it will not only improve the water quality, but also reduce the amount of liquid spray, thus reducing the cost of application. In addition, the selection of protective fungicides with a long-lasting effect will also reduce the cost of prevention.
Through the analysis of the above factors, apples and pears should choose protective fungicides after falling flowers. We recommend the following formulas to the fruit farmers: 1. Easy to protect 1200-1500 times plus Wanling 3000 times plus soft water pass 4000 times. 2, smashing 800 times of smashing dead net or urinary urea 1500 times plus soft water pass 4000 times. 3, Pu Dejin or Xin Wansheng 800 times plus Wanling 3000 times plus soft water pass 4000 times.
First, the right medicine, the enemy of the main diseases after apple fall: apple powdery mildew, spotted leaf disease, brown spot disease, round rotten fruit disease, anthracnose disease. The main pests are: apple jaundice, golden moth, apple leaf curler, apple red spider.
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