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With the continuous improvement and mature technology of the 佰莱塔克 shot blasting equipment, the shot blasting process and equipment have entered the fields of highway maintenance, bridge construction and airport maintenance in developed countries in Europe and America. China's application in this area is still very small. Only in a few projects, the shot blasting process is used, and there is still a gap in the waterproof coating of highways, municipal roads and concrete bridges. GSD intends to use this article to introduce this new shot blasting process to the maintenance of construction of roads and bridges, and hopes that this new process and technology will be promoted.
1 Shot blasting process and working principle of shot blasting equipment
1.1 Shot blasting process and working principle of shot blasting equipment Shot blasting refers to mechanically throwing pellets (steel shots or grit) at a high speed and a certain angle onto the working surface, so that the pellets work. The surface is then cleaned by the airflow of the associated vacuum cleaner inside the machine to recover the pellets and the cleaned impurities separately, and the pellets can be reused. The shot blasting machine is equipped with a dust collector, which can achieve dust-free and pollution-free construction, which not only improves efficiency but also protects the environment. The shot blasting machine can be divided into three types according to its walking form: hand push type, vehicle type and self type.
When the shot blasting machine is operated, by controlling and selecting the particle size and shape of the pellets, and adjusting and setting the walking speed of the machine, the projectile flow rate of the pellets is controlled to obtain different ejection strengths, and different surface treatment effects are obtained.
1.2 Controlling the quality of surface shot blasting The shot blasting process and shot blasting equipment control the surface condition after treatment according to the different surfaces to be treated. Select the size and shape of the pellets; the walking speed of the equipment; the flow rate of the pellets. The above three parameters cooperate with each other to obtain different treatment effects, and to ensure the ideal roughness of the surface after shot blasting.
For example: S330 steel shot, flow rate 10A, treatment of C50 concrete surface, can reach roughness 90; treatment of asphalt surface, can remove the oil layer, while achieving a roughness of 80; when dealing with steel, can achieve SA3 cleanliness standards.
2 Application of shot blasting equipment
2.1 Surface treatment of concrete bridge decks European and American countries have widely used waterproofing layers in concrete deck pavement since the 1970s, which greatly reduces the damage caused by water seepage of concrete bridges and prolongs the service life of bridges. However, with the increase in traffic volume, there have been cases where the waterproof layer and the surface layer and the bridge deck have insufficient bonding strength to cause a change. In China, concrete bridges often have similar diseases, as well as loose and falling concrete due to water seepage, and steel corrosion. One of the causes of the above diseases is that the shot blasting treatment of the concrete surface layer does not completely remove the surface residual material, and does not retain a certain rough surface to ensure the bonding strength of the waterproof layer and the bottom layer of the bridge deck.
The shot blasting process can clean and remove the floating surface and impurities of the concrete surface at one time. The most important thing is to simultaneously roughen the concrete surface to make the surface uniform and rough, and greatly improve the bonding strength of the waterproof layer and the concrete base layer. . Moreover, in this process, the shot blasting process can fully expose the cracks and other diseases of the concrete, so that remedial measures can be taken in advance.
2.2 Maintenance of tunnels In China, concrete pavement is generally used for waterproofing and material resistance to fire and oil. At the same time, however, this also puts higher requirements on the anti-slip requirements of the long tunnel pavement. For the above two problems that are still difficult to solve in China, the shot blasting process is a treatment method with simple construction, small equipment investment, remarkable effect and environmental protection.
In recent years, there have been more and more projects using the shot blasting process to treat bridge decks and tunnels under the recommendation of BLASTRAC users. In the concrete bridge deck waterproof paving, the shot blasting process has been the requirement of European and American national process specifications. China is also gradually being accepted, such as Chongqing Tongyu Tunnel, Guiyang Yingpanpo Tunnel, Kunshi Expressway Qingshuigou Tunnel, etc., all of which use the shot blasting process to maintain the concrete pavement.
2.3 Asphalt pavement maintenance shot blasting equipment is widely used to improve the asphalt pavement roughness and friction coefficient, thereby improving the adhesion of the pavement and ensuring driving safety. At the same time, it can also remove the attachments of asphalt pavement (such as fuel oil, engine oil, etc.) mainly used in the following aspects:
(1) During the construction of asphalt concrete overlay, the surface treatment of the road surface using the shot blasting process can ensure the road surface is clean, and at the same time increase the surface roughness, strengthen the bond between the cover layer and the original road surface, and the durability of the structure. It is greatly increased; the slurry sealing layer and the first shot blasting treatment when using the resin material cover surface can greatly improve the bonding strength between the resin cover surface and the original base layer, improve the quality of the slurry seal layer, and prolong the service life of the road surface.
(2) The shot blasting process can be used directly on the asphalt pavement, for example, pulling on the surface of the turning section to improve the anti-sliding performance.
(3) It is possible to directly remove the surface oil from the asphalt pavement and improve the anti-slip performance caused by the oil spill.
(4) The shot blasting process can also be applied to the removal of the marking line.
In China, the influence of surface roughness on traffic has not received extensive attention. However, traffic accidents caused by road surface slippage are increasing every year. Shot blasting equipment can flexibly handle small-area road sections and fully restore its anti-sliding performance.
The surface of the asphalt treated by the shot blasting process not only cleans the attachments of various surfaces, but also increases the roughness of the asphalt surface and improves the performance of the asphalt pavement. Moreover, the equipment construction is simple and convenient, and flexible.
2.4 The application of steel bridge deck anti-corrosion coating shot blasting treatment in steel bridge anti-corrosion coating has been fully affirmed in China. Most bridges under construction and construction have been selected to use the shot blasting process to clean and roughen the surface before anti-corrosion primer or other spraying, such as the Yangtze River Second Bridge, Jiangyin Bridge, Junshan Bridge, Baishazhou Bridge, Shanghai Lupu Bridge and so on. The use of shot blasting to treat steel bridge decks can meet the SA2.5/SA3 steel sheet cleanliness requirements, and can control the roughness to meet the coating requirements, and the whole process is dust-free operation and easy to move.
2.5 Municipal roads and paved roads All kinds of road pavements in the city can be cleaned by shot blasting machine to remove the marking marks of the road surface. For the busy intersections, the road surface can be roughened to improve the roughness and friction coefficient of the road surface. .
2.6 Preventive maintenance of concrete runways on concrete runways and asphalt runways to remove fetal tracks (except rubber), remove marking lines, restore and increase the surface roughness of airport runways, and increase the coefficient of friction of runways.
3 Summary
In China, the shot blasting process has been widely used in steel bridge deck construction, and has also been applied in some concrete pavements for anti-slip recovery and maintenance operations. However, as a brand-new process in the waterproofing of concrete bridges and The restoration of other roads' anti-slip performance, as well as other areas that have already been applied in Europe and the United States, are just beginning.
Shot blasting is a method of shot blasting that has been applied in developed countries in Europe and America. The world's first shot blasting equipment was born 100 years ago. It began to remove impurities, scales and increase roughness on various metal or non-metal surfaces. After a hundred years of development, the shot blasting process and equipment have been quite mature, and its application has not only been in the factories of various heavy industries. With the birth of the world's first horizontal mobile shot blasting machine in BLASTRAC, its application field rapidly expanded to concrete surface coating and ship deck metal surface treatment, and directly guided the industry's standards. Formulate specifications for and construction methods in the industry.