1. Overview of the development of overseas mold industry
1) Japanese mold industry
At present, Japan's mold manufacturing technology is still in the world's leading position. According to the industrial statistics of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry of Japan, there are about 10,000 mold production plants in Japan, of which more than 20% account for more than 91%. The Japanese mold industry is mainly small and medium-sized enterprises, mainly relying on specialized division of labor to complete high-quality mold design. Processing. Due to the good division of labor in Japan, the overall manufacturing level of small and medium-sized mold enterprises is high, making the “Made in Japan” mold a symbol of brand and quality. In recent years, Japanese plastic molds, powder metallurgy molds, and die-casting molds have grown significantly, while stamping dies and forging dies have been relatively reduced. According to Luo Baihui, Japanese molds currently face five major issues – shortening delivery times, reducing manufacturing costs, improving mold quality and precision, insufficient labor, and meeting the challenges of Asian countries. In response to this situation, many mold manufacturers in Japan are actively expanding equipment investment. In terms of processing, a large number of unattended processing units are used, or online control is performed by a computer. In the design and manufacturing department, almost all CAD/CAE/CAM technologies are used for motion simulation analysis and DNC (direct digital control) processing. The development of mold technology is mainly to the development of high precision, high speed, long life, complexity, large scale, integration and high performance.

2) American mold industry
There are about 7,000 mold companies in the US, and more than 90% are small businesses with less than 50 people. Due to the high development of industrialization, the US mold industry has long been a mature high-tech industry and is in the forefront of the world. The US mold steel has achieved standardized production and supply. The CAD/CAE/CAM technology is widely used in mold design and manufacturing. The processing technology, inspection and testing are equipped with advanced equipment, and the development of large, complex, precise, long-life and high-performance molds has reached the leading level.

However, since the 1990s, the US economy has faced major adjustments and major changes in the post-industrial era, as well as strong international competition – from cost pressures, time pressures, and competitive pressures.

3) German mold industry
Germany has always been known for its exquisite processing skills and the production of precision machinery and tools. Its mold industry also fully reflects this feature. For the complex industrial field of mold, after years of practical exploration, German mold manufacturers have formed a consensus: the whole industry must be coordinated, work together, tap the development potential, jointly promote the spirit of innovation, common technological progress, learn from each other, play well The overall advantage can achieve the success of the industry. In addition, in order to meet the needs of the rapid development of new products today, not only large companies have established new development centers in Germany, but also many small and medium-sized enterprises have done so, actively doing research and development work for customers. Germany has always been very active in research and has become an important foundation for its unbeaten success in the international market. In the fierce competition, the German mold industry has maintained a strong position in the international market for many years, and the export rate has been stable at around 33%.

According to the statistics of the German machinery and mold industry organization, the German Machinery Manufacturers Association (VDMA) Tool and Die Association, there are about 5,000 mold companies in Germany. In 2003, the value of German molds reached 4.8 billion euros. Among them, there are 90 (VDMA) member mold enterprises, and the output value of these 90 backbone mold enterprises accounts for 90% of the German mold production value.

4) Singapore's mold industry Singapore is a small country with a population of only 3 million. In the 1980s and 1990s, the government attached importance to and supported the development of precision molds, and introduced many policies to make the mold industry grow rapidly and promote the rapid development of Singapore's economy. development of.

Singapore has more than 1,000 types of molds and precision processing related companies, with an annual output value of more than 4.5 billion yuan, which has a considerable influence and role in the Asian mold industry. There are more than 10 listed companies in the mold industry. More than 65% of the molds produced by Singapore are supplied for the electronics-related industry. The molds produced are not large, but they are all high-precision, high-level molds.

Singapore mold companies are mainly concentrated in semiconductor frames / packaging molds, metal stamping molds, plastic molds, silicone rubber molds and other fields.

2. Overall situation of China's mold industry
Since 1997, the state has successively included molds and their processing technologies and equipment in the Catalogue of Industries, Products and Technologies that are currently encouraged by the state and encouraged the Catalogue of Foreign Investment Industries, and added value to some key professional mold factories. The preferential policy of tax rebate; in 1999, the state also included the relevant mold technology and products in the “Guidelines for the Priority Areas of High-tech Industrialization of Priority Development of the State (Directory)” issued by the State Planning Commission and the Ministry of Science and Technology. The above measures have all contributed to the rapid development of China's mold industry.

1) The total mold industry has grown rapidly
In 2005, the total output value of China's mold industry has jumped to the third place in the world, reaching 61 billion yuan. In 2006, the total output value of the mold industry reached 72 billion. The total output value of China's mold industry (average annual growth rate of more than 16%), the number of enterprises, the number of employees, and the productivity of all employees are increasing year by year.

2) The proportion of import and export is gradually becoming reasonable, but it is still the country with a large annual net import of molds in the world.

The increase in the import value of China's mold products is declining year by year, and the export volume is increasing year by year. The ratio of import and export has dropped from 6.6:1 in 1999 to 2:1 in 2006. The export molds are still mainly in the middle and low grades, while the imported molds are mainly medium and high-grade. The main gaps are concentrated on molds with high technical content such as precision, large scale, complexity and long life.

3) The technical level is constantly improving, but there is still a big gap compared with foreign countries.

During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, China's mold technology has developed rapidly. At present, it has been able to produce precision multi-station progressive die with an accuracy of 2 microns, with a life of 120 million times. In the case of large plastic molds, it is now possible to produce plastic molds for 48-inch TVs, plastic molds for large-capacity washing machines, and molds for automobile bumpers and integral instrument panels. In terms of precision plastic molds, it has been able to produce camera plastic molds, multi-cavity small modulus gear molds and plastic molds. In the large-scale precision and complex die-casting mold, the domestic pedal can be produced in the whole pedal die-casting mold and the automobile rear axle gear box die-casting mold. However, compared with foreign countries, there is still a big gap. The precision and complex stamping dies and plastic molds, car cover molds, electronic connectors and other electronic product molds that are urgently needed by China's manufacturing industry still rely heavily on imports.

3. Brief introduction of major domestic mold production sites
The main domestic mold production bases are in Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai and Anhui.

1) Major provinces and cities and characteristics
Guangdong - the leading domestic mold market, three-funded enterprises as the main body
There are more than 10,000 mold manufacturing enterprises in Guangdong Province, with 300,000 employees. The number of enterprises, employees, completed industrial output value and total export value rank first in the country. Guangdong is the most important mold market in China today and the largest mold export and import province in China. More than 40% of the country's mold production value comes from Guangdong, and the numerical control rate of mold processing equipment and equipment performance, mold processing technology, production specialization level and standard level lead other provinces and cities in China.

Zhejiang - plastic molds are more important than private enterprises
The mold industry in Zhejiang Province is mainly concentrated in Ningbo and Taizhou. Ninghai, Yuyao, Cixi and Zhangzhou in Ningbo mainly produce plastic molds. Beilun is mainly made of die-casting molds, and Xiangshan and Zhoushan are mainly casting and stamping molds. The main mold manufacturing enterprises in Taizhou are concentrated in Huangyan and Luqiao, and plastic molds account for the majority.

Shanghai - Information industry and automobile industry molds dominate Shanghai has more than 2,000 mold companies, employing more than 100,000 people, with an annual output value of nearly 6 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of more than 20%. The Shanghai mold industry will target six major industries and key industries, especially the information (IT) industry and the automotive industry, and vigorously develop precision magnesium alloy die-casting molds, precision injection molds, automotive parts molds, and large-part parts die-casting molds for the IT industry. Precision stamping parts multi-position progressive die.

Jiangsu - foreign capital, private ownership
Jiangsu molds are mainly concentrated in Suzhou and Kunshan. Suzhou currently has more than 1,000 mold factories, more than 1,000 mold processing points, annual sales of molds of about 5 billion to 6 billion yuan, and the mold industry has become one of the emerging industries in the city. There are many wholly-owned and joint ventures in Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Germany, the Netherlands, the United States, Taiwan, and Hong Kong, and there are many private mold companies.

Anhui - the emerging new force
At present, Anhui Province has a number of domestic well-known mold products, such as washing machines, air conditioners and other large injection molds, refrigerator plastic foaming molds, motor stator and rotor lamination high-speed progressive die, and some market share up to 30 %the above. Mold standard parts and mold material base have also been formed.

In addition, the development of Shandong, Fujian, Tianjin, Liaoning, Chongqing and Hebei in recent years is also relatively good.
2) The annual distribution of mold output value over 100 million enterprises
During the 10th Five-Year Plan period, the Pearl River Delta region was followed by the Yangtze River Delta region and the Bohai Rim region. At present, about 80% of the country's molds are concentrated in these three regions.

According to Luo Baihui, mold companies with a mold output value of over 100 million yuan are mainly concentrated in the field of automotive panel parts. During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, “leading” enterprises of various types of molds were gradually formed. For example: FAW Mould Manufacturing Co., Ltd. for automobile cover mould, Wuxi Guosheng Precision Mould Co., Ltd. for precision stamping die, Haier Mould Co., Ltd. for large plastic mold, Tongling Sanjia Technology Co., Ltd. for plastic profile mould (Mold No. One), Guangdong Giant Wheel Mould Co., Ltd. and Jieyang Haotian Mould Co., Ltd., and Hong Kong Longji Group and Panqi Industrial (Dalian) Co., Ltd. in terms of mold standard parts. In the mold enterprises of over 100 million yuan, foreign capital accounts for a considerable proportion.

4. Existing problems in China's mold industry
In recent years, China's mold industry structure, whether it is the organizational structure, product structure, technical structure and import and export structure, is developing in a rational direction. In order to update and improve the equipment level, mold companies need to import billions of equipment every year. Luo Baihui believes that the investment in innovation and development is still insufficient. The improvement of comprehensive R&D capability in the mold industry has lagged behind the improvement of production capacity. The main problems are reflected in the following aspects.

1) weak innovation capabilities;

2) The overall efficiency is low;

3) The degree of specialization, standardization, and commercialization is low and cooperation is poor;

4) The technology related to mold materials and molds is backward;

5) The organizational structure, product structure, technical structure and import and export structure of the enterprise are not reasonable enough;

6) Compared with the international advanced level, the management of mold enterprises is lagging behind the backwardness of technology.

5. Development trend of China's mold industry
In the next ten years, the development trend of China's mold industry is: mold products are developing in a large, precise, complex, economic and rapid direction; the technical content of molds is continuously improved, the mold manufacturing cycle is shortened; the mold production is informatization, no map The development of the direction of automation, refinement and automation; the mold enterprises are developing in the direction of technology integration, equipment precision, product branding, management informationization and operation internationalization.
The development of mold technology focuses on the following aspects.

1) The mold structure is becoming larger, more precise, more complex and has a longer life;

2) Wide application of CAD/CAE/CAM technology in mold design and manufacture;

3) Popularization and application of new technologies in mold design and manufacture;

4) Improve the standardization level of the mold and the use rate of the standard parts of the mold;

5) Develop high quality mold materials and advanced surface treatment technologies;

6) Develop new molding processes and new molds, and cultivate new ideas and new models.

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