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After the earthquake in Japan, the local manufacturing industry suffered heavy losses. The initial statistics of the April trade statistics released by the Ministry of Finance of Japan on May 25 showed that the export volume of automobiles decreased by 67% year-on-year to 255.3 billion yen, the lowest since January 1979. Record. At present, Japanese-funded enterprises are accelerating the transfer of industrial chains overseas. The small and medium-sized automobile parts enterprises that are at the edge of the automobile industry chain have also begun to take advantage of the emerging parts and components industrial bases such as Lijiang Sudan and set off a new industrial chain transfer tide. .
Will enter 300 companies in the next 3 years
On May 24th, the reporter of "Daily Economic News" went to the first scene to investigate the situation of Japanese parts and components enterprises entering the Danyang Economic Development Zone. In the Danyang Economic Development Zone, the project sign of the "Japan Auto Parts Industrial Park" has been unveiled. Adjacent to the Japan Auto Parts Industrial Park, it is a new low-speed electric vehicle production project invested by the Wind Group.
In this flat land, the workers are busy building the wall. The reporter saw the project introduction at the scene. "JAPIC (Japan Auto Parts Industrial Park) mainly introduces Japanese SMEs, and will build a domestic first-class auto parts industry professional park, which is divided into four functional areas: metal processing, electrical and electronic. , resins and rubber, fiber and others."
According to reports, the park covers a total area of ​​310 acres, with a total construction area of ​​103,000 square meters, of which the first phase is 25 million square meters. It is expected to be completed and operated in November this year. According to the plan, the construction of the Japanese auto parts industrial park will be divided into two phases, the first phase is mainly JAPIC (Japan Auto Parts Industrial Park), and the second phase is JAEIC (Japan Auto Equipment Industrial Park).
Yin Hui, deputy director of the Investment Promotion Bureau of Danyang Economic Development Zone Economic Management Committee, told the "Daily Economic News" reporter that according to the agreement between the two parties, the contracted Japanese auto parts enterprises will ship high-tech products to Danyang production. In the process of project approval, China will strictly close the project approval.
Affected by the Japanese earthquake, Japan's parts supply system was stagnant, which caused a huge impact on automobile manufacturers. Therefore, the pace of Japanese small and medium-sized component manufacturing companies building factories overseas will continue to accelerate.
"It is expected that at the end of this year, Japan's Auto Parts Industrial Park (JAPIC) will be stationed in 30 to 50 companies, and will enter 300 Japanese parts companies in the next three years," Yin Hui said.
Standing on the construction site under construction, Yin Hui pointed to the open space in the distance. "The area to the northern village will be the production base of JAEIC (Japan Automobile Equipment Industrial Park). It is expected that JAEIC will be put into use by the end of 2012. â€
Group development
According to the "Daily Economic News" reporter, Japanese small and medium auto parts manufacturers will establish production clusters in China in the form of group, which is supported by the Japan Trade Promotion Agency and the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers.
After the earthquake in Japan, the entire industrial chain of Japanese autos was affected, and the breakage of the supply chain of parts and components caused the whole vehicle enterprises to fall into the embarrassing situation of downtime and production reduction. Not only in production, the damage of the port has caused logistics and transportation to stagnate, and the drawbacks of the centralized production model in Japan have been exposed.
Among the affected enterprises, small and medium-sized parts and components enterprises suffered the most damage. This is because large Japanese component companies have begun overseas strategic shifts a few years ago, and the ability of small and medium-sized enterprises to develop overseas independently is relatively weak.
The earthquake has further aggravated the mood of small and medium-sized component companies to go out to sea. One of the Japanese associations that organize Japanese small and medium-sized parts companies to go to sea is the Japan Trade Promotion Agency, which coordinates the communication and exchanges between Japanese parts companies and the Chinese government. "The Japan Trade Promotion Agency hopes to gain more support from the Chinese government in the form of grouping and organization," said the staff of the Japan External Trade Organization.
It is understood that the migration of Japanese small and medium-sized auto parts manufacturers to China is the first investment of the plan, and has reached preliminary cooperation intentions with more than 30 companies.
The entry of the Japanese component company “Bao Tuan†into China will bring a new development model and will be beneficial to the optimization and improvement of the supply chain structure. It is understood that Japanese companies and organizations joining the Japanese auto parts industrial park will be supported by the local government and JAPIC-related organizations; the implementation of joint procurement of raw materials, shared logistics channels, and joint management of employees to reduce production costs; Organization members do not need to spend too much energy on relevant regulations, customs clearance, labor management, etc., and will concentrate on production and R&D.
Tanaka, head of the Japan Auto Parts Industry Association, said that for Japanese auto parts companies, China is a potential auto market, and the association will further promote the development of Japanese parts companies to China, and the Japanese auto industry supply chain will be even more perfect.
New mode of operation
Compared with the 1000-mu low-speed electric vehicle plant that is separated by a wall, it is unrealistic to have a production plan of 300 small and medium-sized auto parts enterprises with only 310 mu of land. The new operation mode of the Japanese auto parts industrial park in Danyang City has emerged. .
According to the data, Japanese component manufacturers entering the industrial park will jointly purchase raw materials and integrate the logistics system under the coordination of JAPIC, and the employment of employees will be managed in a unified manner, thereby reducing production costs.
The reporter learned that Japanese auto parts companies entering the industrial park will be incorporated in Danyang and are not responsible for production management in China. The actual operation behind it is a business management company called Donglong Rilian, with a registered capital of 1 million US dollars. The registered place is in Danyang City. The company will manage the production of Japanese auto parts companies in the park, including raw materials. Purchasing, unified logistics system, and responsible for the recruitment and management of local employees.
It is the former employee Dong Henan from Toyota Motor Corporation who organized this model. He was the project director of Toyota China in Japan. According to informed sources, Donglong Rilian is equivalent to “corporate nannyâ€. “Japanese parts companies only need equipment and technology, and production work is done by Donglong Rilian.â€
“The parts and components produced by Japanese companies are no longer closed to Japanese companies, and market customers are directly referring to Chinese independent brands.†People familiar with the matter said.
Dong Yang, executive vice president and secretary general of the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, said that although the China Automobile Association has no specific plan to support the transfer of Japanese auto parts manufacturers to China, this pair China and the Japanese auto industry are good things.
The Danyang City Japan Auto Parts Industrial Park is not a single case in the process of moving Japanese auto parts into China. In December last year, Nanhai District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province signed a memorandum of cooperation with the Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO) to launch the Foshan Nanhai “Japan Small and Medium Enterprises Industrial Parkâ€, which is positioned as “Japan’s SME Auto Parts Clusterâ€. It has built one of the largest intensive auto parts industrial parks in South China.
From the Danyang situation, more than 300 small and medium-sized auto parts companies will enter China in the future. Together with the enterprises in the industrial zone of Nanhai District, the strength of the Japanese small and medium-sized auto parts group is stronger than we think.
It is foreseeable that China's small and medium-sized component companies will face Japanese SMEs more frequently in the domestic market. According to the "Daily Economic News" reporters, China's domestic small and medium-sized parts companies face strong foreign rivals. This is because the concept of foreign SMEs is different from that of China. They have long been focusing on a certain segment. Therefore, although the scale of the company is not large, they also master high-end core technologies and engage in precision manufacturing. Some of them are even the world's leading industrial suppliers in this field. They value and invest in technology research and product innovation, which is the main driving force for social innovation.
In contrast, China's small and medium-sized auto parts companies do not have much product innovation capabilities. At present, most companies are mainly engaged in the production of general products by virtue of human resources and cost advantages. It is difficult to enter the supporting enterprises of joint ventures, mainly relying on export to the Middle East and Africa, and is very vulnerable in technology research and development and innovation.
In view of this, China's small and medium-sized auto parts enterprises will soon encounter a hard battle. These small and medium-sized parts and components enterprises from Japan will impact China's industrial chain based on SMEs. Therefore, although industry insiders shouted to actively undertake the transfer of the Japanese auto industry chain, in fact, this only means the transfer of production links, does not mean the transfer of technology research and innovation and innovation systems.
At the same time, if we are too optimistic to estimate the impact of the industrial chain transfer to China, then China may only embrace the energy consumption brought by manufacturing and lose market profits.
It was learned from the Yangtze River Investment Promotion Bureau that the Sudanese government of the Yangtze River and the Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO) jointly launched the Danyang Japan Auto Parts Industrial Park, which is based on the "Small and Medium Enterprises Auto Parts Cluster in Japan". The industrial park will be in November this year. Put into production.