Technical guidance program for rice production in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

At present, the early rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is at the booting stage, and the mid-season rice has entered a large-scale planting period. Since the beginning of the spring, severe meteorological drought has occurred in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which has delayed the growth period of early rice and blocked the differentiation of young ears. In some areas, the aging of rice seedlings and the slow progress of planting have brought great difficulties to current rice production. Recently, rainfall has occurred in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The research of the rice expert guidance group of the Ministry of Agriculture proposes that it is recommended that all localities take advantage of the recent rains to guide farmers to strengthen rice field management, actively respond to adverse weather such as drought, and strive to capture rice harvest.

First, the technical measures for early rice field management. The first is to strengthen water management. The early rice entering the differentiation stage of the young panicles was intermittently flooded with shallow water-wet-open field; the early rice entering the booting stage was to establish a water layer of 2~3 cm, and shallow water irrigation was carried out. For areas with scarce water resources, we must do everything possible to ensure basic physiological water requirements. The second is to classify and apply the ear grain fertilizer. For early-maturing early rice that will be heading in recent days, it can be seen that 2 kg of urea is applied per acre, or foliar fertilizer is sprayed; for medium-maturing early rice entering the panicle differentiation stage and late-maturing early rice entering the booting stage, the seedlings can be seen. each

Apply 3 to 4 kg of urea and 3 to 4 kg of potassium chloride to increase the rate of ear formation and the number of grains per ear. The third is to prevent and control pests and diseases. With the arrival of the rainy season in the first half of June, the pests and diseases will be aggravated. It is necessary to pay close attention to the dynamics of pests and diseases. At present, we must focus on preventing and controlling the mites and mites, and treating rice planthoppers; 3 to 5 days before the rupture period. The focus is on comprehensive prevention and control of panicle neck blight, sheath blight and rice planthopper.

Second, the first season of rice field management technical measures. The rice seasons in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River vary greatly, and classified management measures should be adopted according to different production processes.

First, do a good job of planting a rice field tube. Some of the free-formed and early-maturing rapeseed stalks have been planted in the early-middle-maturing one-season rice, which is currently in the rejuvenation to the tillering stage. It is necessary to focus on seedlings, and Miao strengthens field management. Irrigation seedlings, after transplanting in the greening period, we must maintain a water layer to ensure the living tree; for the seedlings after living, take the shallow water-wet-open field irrigation method according to the water source, and take the seedling as the target. After the drought has been lifted, insist on shallow water and irrigation. After applying the tiller fertilizer and panicle fertilizer, apply 5~7 kg of urea and 4-6 kg of potassium chloride to the panicle fertilizer per acre for the early maturing season rice entering the tillering stage; 5~7 kg of urea per acre is applied 5 to 7 days after planting. The second is to grab the area of ​​the rain plant. Make full use of the favorable opportunity of recent precipitation, grab the time to grab the planting. To ensure the quality of planting, the “three-sided” operation method of watering, leveling and side-cutting is adopted. If the seedlings are too high, you can cut off some of them first. Increase the number of acres and basic seedlings in the late insertion field, and reduce the effective tilling time of the field. To implement the management of "horse water", fill the field with a horizontal field, insert a field, put the water in another field, and then transplant the land to ensure that there is a flaw after planting to ensure survival. It is necessary to catch up with the seedlings early, so that the seeds are planted late before the end of April. After planting, they should be chased early and re-applied with seedlings. After 5 days of planting, 7 to 10 kg of urea should be applied immediately per acre to promote early-onset and quick-release. Fertilizer is late. The third is to do a good job in the management of rice paddy fields. At present, most of the rice seedlings in the first season are in the 4th to 7th leaf stage, and the best transplanting period before the end of April is the best transplanting period. In the early stage of transplanting in the beginning of May, it is necessary to target the ageing due to lack of water and the ageing. Problems such as the decline in the quality of seedlings and the strengthening of management of the field. It is necessary to adhere to the dry pipe. For temporary waterless transplanting, the dry pipe should be used to control the growth of the seedlings and moderately extend the age. The seedlings with severe water shortage can be watered to maintain the basic physiological water requirements of the seedlings and protect the seedlings. Seedlings that cannot be transplanted in time are transplanted to fields with relatively good water source conditions. The two-stage age can be extended for more than 20 days. You can also use the Putian pumping method to extend the age. Before the transplanting of the old-aged cockroaches, the “growth of the manure” was re-applied, and after the planting, the early return to the green and early tillering, and the “gathering of the drug” was applied, and the prevention and control of the pests and diseases was completed in the Putian period.

Third, take timely recovery measures such as replanting and replanting. If the drought continues to develop and rice cannot be planted, it is necessary to make adaptive adjustments in time to replant and replant. The first is to replant late rice. Innocent seedlings transplanted or dry dead rice fields, before June 15th, can be used to replant early-middle late rice varieties. The second is the drought-resistant double-season late rice blast. The selection and cultivation of dry nursery beds will be carried out in advance, and the techniques of dry breeding and breeding will be promoted by means of centralized breeding and borrowing. The third is to turn the rice into autumn or to replant other crops. After June 30, no seedlings are planted or dried in the paddy fields. The early rice varieties can be turned over in the fall or the dryland crops such as corn, peanuts and soybeans can be replanted in time.