Sow multi-child high-yield cultivation management technology

Pig breeding is a key technical link in pig production. The breeding rate is reflected in the number of births and the number of litters and the survival rate of piglets. In recent years, Guangdong Jinxing Pig Farm has paid attention to sow breeding and transformation, scientific management of breeding pigs and breeding techniques, disease prevention of sows, early weaning of piglets in pig production, and actively learn from advanced technology in the field. Combined with actual production, a comprehensive breeding technology for multiple births of sows is summarized. Through the promotion and application of this comprehensive technology, the annual parity of the sows, the number of litters and the survival rate of the piglets reached an average of 2,12, 11.8 and 95.06%, respectively, and achieved good social benefits. Significant economic benefits. The comprehensive technology is now introduced as follows:

First, the breeding and transformation of sows

Excellent varieties are the key to improving the productivity of pigs. In order to achieve sows with high births, we must choose good breeding pigs. At present, the sows we choose are binary hybrid sows produced by about grams (father) × Changbai (mother), and then use Duroc as the terminal parent to produce Du Dachangchun ternary hybrid pigs. Breeding gilts need to be screened and reused from the sow's body appearance, litter performance and production level. The gilts should be exercised regularly, feeding the empty sows, and they should be bred when they are 7-8 months old and weigh about 100 kg.

Second, scientific feeding management and breeding technology

(1) Pig management

1. Management of empty sows. Empty sows should be fed with empty sows and adjusted at any time to control the sows to be moderate. Sows 4-5 days after weaning should pay special attention to observation and find that estrus should be bred in time. If necessary, use a boar to test the situation or pass the boar through the sow bar to promote estrus.

2. Management of pregnant sows. Pregnancy sows should pay attention to the fetus. The three stages of embryonic death are 9-13 days, 60-70 days, and 20 days before breeding. Special attention should be paid to protection. From June to September, high temperature weather can be cooled by water spray to prevent the occurrence of stillbirth, abortion and death. The sows start feeding and change to the lactating sow feed 3 to 4 weeks before the birth. The daily feed rate is adjusted according to the condition of the sow. Pregnancy sows should be injected with E. coli four-valent engineering seedlings 2 weeks before birth to improve the birth weight and immunity of piglets and prevent diarrhea in newborn piglets.

3. Feeding and management of childbirth and lactating sows. Manage childbirth and lactating sows. At work, you need to cooperate with “fine, fine, and diligent” to take care of your pigs just like your own children. When the sow is delivered, it is necessary to manage and timely deliver the product. The newborn piglet should wipe off and dry the amniotic fluid on the body in time, and then put it into the heat preservation tank (box). After the sow has finished delivery, put the piglet back into the sucking. The first milk is fixed and the teat is fixed. After the piglets are full, they are put into the heat preservation tank (box), and then fed for 1-2 hours, and repeated for 2-3 days. During the delivery, it was found that the dystocia was timely and the artificial midwifery was found. It was found that the suspended piglets were artificially resuscitated in time, and the piglets that were prolific (ie, exceeding the number of nipples) were ready for foster care. Childbirth sows should be supplied with adequate drinking water, and the sows should be brought up to drink water to prevent constipation. In order to prevent sow mastitis or the emergence of no milk, the sows are reduced 2 days before the birth, only a small amount of soup is fed on the day of delivery, and the amount of feed is gradually increased after 1-2 days. Lactating sows are fed lactating sows to allow them to eat ad libitum. The lactating sow feed is guaranteed to be fresh, and the ingredients and formula are relatively fixed. A lactating sow has a lactation period of 28-30 days.

4. Feed the sows with dry and wet materials. Feeding sows in combination with dry and wet materials maintains proper moisture. Feeding wet materials in hot weather improves feed intake in sows.

5. Feeding management of boars. The boars should adhere to exercise and feed the same materials as the lactating sows. Feed the fresh eggs during the breeding. The boars are required to flush the pigs every day and spray water to cool down during the hot season from June to September. The pig body cannot be washed immediately after breeding.

6. Reasonably eliminate breeding pigs. The farm should insist that the proportion of sows eliminated each year is 20-25%. No treatment value after illness, no estrus in three episodes after weaning, more than two consecutive abortions, three consecutive or cumulative recurrences, two consecutive litters with less than 8 litters and more than 4 years old. It should be eliminated in time. Gilts that have not been matched for more than 10 months of age are also eliminated.

(2) Breeding technology

1, male and female pig ratio. If natural mating is used, the ratio of male to female in the breeding herd is 1:20-25. Boars should be used reasonably according to age, and semen should be checked frequently. If it is found to be unqualified, it should be stopped immediately.

2, the judgment of the estrus sow. After the estrus of the estrus, the redness and swelling of the vulva has just begun to subside, there is mucus outflow, and the sow's hindquarters are left standing by hand. This is the most suitable breeding.

3. Reasonable matching. Use repeated breeding or artificial insemination. When breeding, we should rationally match and weigh the advantages and disadvantages of male and female sows to match people, consolidate the advantages, overcome the shortcomings, and make the old match early, less late, not too old, and the middle and old sows to mate with less boars. The sows after breeding should be observed frequently and found to re-emerge in time.

4. Utilization of hybrid boars. Practice has proved that hybrid boars have strong sexual desire, large amount of ejaculation, and use it as a terminal parent to increase the conception rate of the sow and the number of litters.