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At present, some places such as Shenzhen have formed a “magnetic attraction effect†through “policy guidance + market-oriented environmentâ€, attracting the world's top new material innovation talents to come to start a business. Some experts suggest that it is still necessary to improve the system and take measures to play the role of market players such as venture capital to help the development of the industry.
Rapid development of the new materials industry In May 2016, Dr. Deng Fei, a Ph.D. student at the University of Tokyo and a researcher at the University of Delaware Composites, resigned and went to Shenzhen to register for Ewan Technology. Uniwan Technology has developed a mass-produced carbon nanotube fiber material. Carbon nanotube fiber is a macro fiber that twists many single nanotubes together. It has the characteristics of light weight, high strength and versatility. It is a new generation of special fiber material, which is more than the carbon fiber used in aerospace. Composite material.
Enwan Technology is just a microcosm of many “material black technology†in Shenzhen. “In recent years, the scale of new materials industry in Shenzhen has increased from 59 billion yuan in 2010 to 150 billion yuan in 2015.†Li Yin, secretary general of Shenzhen New Materials Industry Association, said that there are more than 100 innovative carriers in the field of new materials in Shenzhen. There are nearly 40 listed companies and over 400 national high-tech enterprises. More than 10,000 related patents have been filed in the field of new materials, and more than 400 standards have been compiled or participated in the development, showing a rapid development trend.
Founded in Shenzhen in the second half of 2016, Mofang Materials Technology Co., Ltd., its co-founder and chief scientist Fang Yulai is a tenured professor of mechanical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His team developed micro-nanoscale 3D printing technology in 2015. In the year, it was named one of the top ten disruptive innovation technologies of the year by MIT Science and Technology Review.
Dr. Zhang Xiaojun from the University of California, Berkeley, together with Dr. Li Zhefeng from the Department of Chemistry of Harvard University and Ding Bo, Ph.D. in Materials Science at the University of Pittsburgh, formed a high-throughput material R&D preparation team, and gave up the work of the world's top 500 researchers to start a business in Shenzhen. They named their company "matrix new materials" because they were able to batch prepare and test different materials on a single substrate, forming arrays like a matrix. This technology is also one of the key technologies in the material genome project.
Significantly compress the size of the mobile phone camera and reduce the weight of large equipment with the same strength and hardness. At the 18th high-tech fair held in Shenzhen last year, Fang Xiaolai released its own intellectual property rights, which can make the material shrink. The micro-nano scale 3D printing system technology has drawn attention from all parties.
Micro-nano scale 3D printing (micro-nano structure additive manufacturing) is one of the world's leading advanced manufacturing fields. It is an advanced micro-machining technology that turns digital computer models into solid objects by creating many extremely thin layers. The complex three-dimensional micro-nano structure formed by various technologies has huge industrial needs in the fields of micro-nano electromechanical systems, biomedicine, tissue engineering, new materials, new energy, high-definition display, and biochips.
“In the past, familiar plastics, metals and ceramics, through the micro-nano-scale 3D printing system, just like the use of 'contracting bones' for materials.†Chen Linsen, dean of the Institute of High-tech Industry of Suzhou University, said that he hopes to be in the future. Achieve high-volume production of nano-architecture composite materials to meet the new era of materials.
The self-sufficiency rate of key new materials is worrying <br> Many experts believe that the material industry is the foundation of the entire industrial system. The invention and application of revolutionary new materials have always led the global technological innovation and promoted the transformation and upgrading of high-tech manufacturing. Many new industries have been born. However, material science has its own particularity, large investment in research and development, long development cycle, and the self-sufficiency rate of key new materials in China is still very worrying. The urgency of reducing the dependence of core key materials on external dependence is becoming more and more prominent.
Wang Qian, an expert at the “Thousand Talents Program†and a professor at the China Building Materials Science Research Institute, believes that China’s material science and technology industry started relatively late. Although after many years of research, there is still a gap between the advanced countries and the advanced countries, which restricts many major strategic areas. development of.
First of all, one of the common problems faced by many new materials companies in the development process is the lack of strong technical support. While the industries such as photovoltaics, wind power, electric vehicles and LEDs are booming, the demand for new materials such as polysilicon, carbon fiber and lithium electronics is increasing day by day. Many places have “smashed up†these projects; in some areas, there is an oversupply of industrial structure. Many companies face a difficult business environment, but they still have no core technology.
At the same time, the traditional material development methods are mainly trial and error methods, that is, using the existing theory and experience of materials, by adjusting the ratio of research materials, performing characterization tests and inspections, and finally finding materials that meet the needs. Some industry experts have introduced that the traditional method leads to a long material development cycle, which is far from meeting people's demand for new materials. The empirical, trial-and-error, and discrete materials development methods need to be changed.
Qi Sheng, Dean of Shenzhen National Innovation and Energy Research Institute, is looking for a photocatalytic material for hydrogen production from solar photolysis. The substrate titanium dioxide is selected from 50 kinds of doping elements, from 30 kinds of cocatalytic materials. Choose 3 kinds; 2 kinds of chemical raw materials in the synthesis process, 4 kinds of reaction temperature, 2 kinds of reaction time; "So, the total number of experiments required is up to 360,000 times. It takes about one thousand years to complete the experiment calculation according to one day. ."
In addition, the old material standards also create obstacles to the promotion and use of new materials. An entrepreneur engaged in the production of graphene anti-corrosion coatings told the Economic Information Daily that traditional anti-corrosion coatings have requirements for zinc content, which is of course beneficial to product quality. However, as a new product, graphene anticorrosive coating utilizes the excellent properties of graphene to improve the anticorrosion efficiency while reducing the zinc content. If the specific zinc content is still met as a standard, the new product will be “unqualified†and will not be promoted.
Catalytic industry with “policy guidance†<br> At present, most strategic emerging industries are material-intensive industries, such as photovoltaics, lithium batteries, light alloys for vehicles and wind turbine blades, fuel cell separators, etc., but many people in the industry believe that China’s core competitiveness in the field of new materials is worrisome. “The new materials that are urgently needed cannot be found, can’t be found, and can’t be done well.â€
The "Economic Information Daily" reporter recently learned from Shenzhen that Shenzhen mainly formed a "magnetic attraction effect" through the "policy guidance + market-oriented environment" approach, and then promoted the "scale effect" of the development of the catalytic industry.
In 2011, the Shenzhen Municipal Government issued the “Shenzhen New Materials Industry Revitalization Development Planâ€, proposing that since the year, the special funds for Shenzhen High-tech Major Projects, science and technology research and development funds, and technological progress funds have been arranged for 100 million yuan each year. Shenzhen Municipal Finance has added 200 million yuan, and it has concentrated 500 million yuan each year to set up a special fund for the development of new materials industry to fund the core technology research and industrialization project construction of the new materials industry.
After more than five years of hard work, the internationally renowned and domestically leading new material industry base has taken shape. Deng Fei said that in the field of material innovation, Shenzhen has cultivated Guangqi Science, which is dedicated to the industrialization of super materials, and Junyu Technology, which is dedicated to the application of flexible display materials. Their success has injected great power into material researchers.
Also starting in 2011, the "Peacock Project" with Shenzhen characteristics, through the "direct identification + review" confirmation mechanism, to fund overseas high-level talent team up to 80 million yuan of innovation and entrepreneurship special funding. Many new materials innovation and entrepreneurship teams in Shenzhen started with the help of the “Peacock Projectâ€.
“New materials are the key factor in the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. Shenzhen is located in the hinterland of the Pearl River Delta, the world's factory. The manufacturing industry has a large volume, strong transformation and upgrading power, and also has the location advantage adjacent to Hong Kong. It can radiate the world and is a new material application. The preferred place for research and industrialization," said He Xiaoning, CEO of Mofang Materials.
Less than half a year after its establishment, the multi-precision multi-material micro-nano 3D printing system independently researched by Mofang Materials has been adopted by domestic and foreign research institutions, including the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Masdar Institute of Technology in the United Arab Emirates, and the State Key Laboratory of Microstructures of Nanjing University. The new matrix material has signed a multi-million-yuan contract with the domestic large-scale molten salt research and development, production and sales company Shenzhen Ainengsen Technology Co., Ltd. to provide new R&D and preparation testing services for molten salt materials.
A market-based financing environment is also helping to create a “magnetic attractionâ€. Li Wei, founding partner of Shenzhen Songhe Capital Management Co., Ltd., said that the new material venture capital investment threshold is high and the cycle is long. However, Shenzhen's well-developed venture capital industry allows some people who have technology but do not want to start a business to take the courage to join the entrepreneurial tide. .
Urgently taking measures and improving the system <br> The State Council issued the "13th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Strategic Emerging Industries", pointing out that "strengthening the layout of cutting-edge materials", "improving the application level of new materials, and promoting the integration of new materials into the high-end manufacturing supply chain." "By 2020, we will strive to make certain new material varieties enter the global supply chain, and the self-sufficiency rate of major key materials will reach 70% or more, and initially realize the strategic transformation of China from a large material country to a material power country."
Many industry experts have suggested that we can learn from the relevant development experience of Shenzhen and take advantage of the role of market players such as venture capital to help the development of new materials industry.
The first is to further create a new material innovation highland. In recent years, the scale of Shenzhen's new materials industry is in a leading position in the country, with an annual growth rate of 20%. A number of enterprise units with international advanced technology and leading talents in the industry have emerged. Some experts suggest that we can further build a world-class new material innovation highland, talent gathering highland and industrial development highland in areas where new materials such as Shenzhen are developing rapidly, the foundation is better, and the industrial transformation is more mature.
The second is to continue to refine and introduce relevant industry support policies. The reporter learned that many of the top overseas technology entrepreneurship teams in Shenzhen have been introduced and invested by market-based venture capital institutions. Many industry professionals have suggested that professional investment funds such as government guidance funds actively participate in supporting the development of new materials industries. Industrial development is moderately guided.
The third is to explore the QDLP (Qualified Domestic Limited Partner) model of the venture capital market in innovative areas such as new materials. At present, many overseas innovation teams that have introduced Shenzhen are investing in venture capital after they have incorporated the company in China. Since these innovative teams usually carry out basic research and development in foreign countries and carry out application research and development and industrialization in China, they have demand for funds at home and abroad.
Many venture capitalists said that due to relevant policy restrictions, as a RMB fund, they can only invest in innovative companies in China, and the funds they have in the country are also difficult to use overseas. It is recommended to explore the QDLP model of the venture capital market in specific areas such as new materials, so that domestic funds can directly invest in overseas innovation projects more efficiently.
Abstract Materials science is the basic science of strategic emerging industries, and it is essential for China to implement innovation-driven development strategies. However, at present, China’s competitiveness in this field is worrying. On the one hand, core key materials are highly dependent on foreign countries, and key technologies are missing. On the other hand, some projects are “...
Materials science is the basic science of strategic emerging industries, and it is crucial for China to implement innovation-driven development strategies. However, at present, China's competitiveness in this field is worrying. On the one hand, the core materials are highly dependent on foreign countries, and the key technologies are lacking. On the other hand, some projects are “smashing up†and there is an industrial structural surplus. Some people bluntly said that "new materials that are urgently needed can't be found, can't be found, can't be done, and can't do well."