Introduction: Today's bending wood is manufactured in several ways, such as bending of squares, bending of thin plates, bending of kerfs, and folding of V-grooves. The history of wood bending has been for a hundred years. It was first used to make carriage wheels, boats, sleds and other items.
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Modern bentwood first originated in Northern Europe. The main production method is to put about 20 layers of veneer into the mold and use glue as a binder, using high-temperature and high-pressure methods to suppress. The materials used to make curved wood are mainly tough woods such as ash, birch, and poplar.
Currently, bending wood is manufactured by several methods such as bending of a square beam, bending of a thin plate, bending of a kerf, and folding of a V-shaped groove. Xiao Bian introduced to you the bending wood bending and thin sheet glue bending two processes.
The bending of the square material requires that the straight material be bent into a curved shape. The main processes include material selection, wool material processing, softening treatment (physical method, chemical method), processing bending (hand bending, mechanical bending), and drying and shaping. It is necessary to select the tree species with good bending properties as the wool material, and the hard hardwood material is generally used as the bending material of the square material. However, the bending process of square bars is deeply affected by the moisture content of wood. The higher the wood moisture content, the easier it is to shape the wood, and the higher water content will cause the wood fibers to crack during the bending of the wood and even prolong the drying time of the wood. Therefore, in general, the moisture content of the wool that is not softened should be between 10% and 15%, and the moisture content of the wool that needs to be softened should be between 20% and 30%.
It is also important to control the temperature and time of wood cooking softening during the bending of the square. In addition, the direction of the wood rings, the thickness and width of the wood also affect the bending quality of the wood. The wool is thin and wide and easy to bend, and the bending process is stable; the wool is thick and narrow, and several pieces of wool need to be bent at the same time and in the same row.
The bending of the square material has a higher requirement for wood, and it is easy to produce scrap during the bending process. Therefore, it has gradually turned to the method of thin-plate glue bending. The thin-plate glued bend is a set of stenciled laminae that are sized to the desired thickness and then placed in a specific mold for bending, gluing, and shaping.
The gluing bend can be bent into a shape with a small radius of curvature and a complex shape, and can also save wood. Compared with the solid wood technology, it can greatly increase the utilization rate of the wood, and thus is widely used in furniture, construction, stationery, industrial accessories and the like.
When glued and bent, it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of raw materials and rubber materials, and to make precision, pressure method and process conditions.
At present, the most advanced glueing technology is high-frequency dielectric heating method. The object of high-frequency dielectric heating method is molecular, high-frequency dielectric heating method makes molecules repeatedly polarized in high-frequency electric field, and strong friction generates high temperature to achieve gluing.
This technology allows all layers of glued components to heat at the same time and increase the temperature evenly, ensuring the balance of water content in various parts, so that the size and appearance of the components after the shaping are relatively stable.