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The internal structure of the ONU broadband network box is carefully designed to ensure efficient and safe operation. It is divided into four main sections: the power distribution area, fiber fusion zone, ONU equipment area, and the wiring area. Each section has specific functions and components to support reliable connectivity and maintenance. Additionally, the box includes cable management rings for better organization of subscriber lines, ensuring a clean and secure setup.
**Power Distribution Area:**
This area is crucial for managing the power supply. It is recommended to install 10A 2P sockets of the same rating to allow easy access to external power sources. A maintenance socket with three standard outlets is also advised for powering on-site devices. If the cabinet is installed outdoors, a separate lightning protection module should be added to protect against electrical surges. Proper grounding is essential—both a grounding bar and a surge protector must be installed at the power supply point. All wiring modules and ONU equipment must also be grounded to ensure safety and performance.
**Fiber Fusion Zone:**
The fiber fusion area is designed to optimize space while maintaining accessibility. It can be mounted on the inner panel of the box without interfering with other connections. This zone typically includes a fiber holder, splice tray, and pigtail fiber. The fiber holder secures and tightens the fiber cables, usually an 8-core cable. The splice tray is used for connecting incoming fibers and fiber jumpers, while the pigtail fiber helps manage excess lengths. The fusion splicing unit often uses a 6-port or 12-port ODF module, depending on the required capacity.
**ONU Equipment Area:**
The ONU equipment area follows a standard 19-inch rack design, allowing the ONU device to be mounted either vertically or horizontally. If stability is an issue, a reinforcement bracket can be added. To accommodate different ONU models from various manufacturers, the reserved depth in this area should be at least 300 mm. Cable management loops are also included between the ONU and the distribution area to help organize the subscriber lines effectively.
**Wiring Area:**
The wiring area is split into an inner line and outer line section. The inner line connects to the device side, while the outer line connects to the user side. Jumpers are used to link these two sections, enabling user access. In PON+LAN environments, only POTS port jumpers are needed, so the requirements for internal and external lines are similar. For redundancy, it's advisable to configure the system with 2.5 times the required capacity. Using 110-type wiring modules (available in 25, 50, 100, or 200 pairs) helps save space and reduce costs.
In PON+DSL applications, the number of internal line terminals is calculated as (device narrowband capacity + device broadband capacity × 2), while the external line terminals match the device capacity. Security units are also set to the same number as the external line terminals. An MDF subrack is often recommended, with common national modules offering 32 lines for the inner side and 25 lines for the outer side. Manufacturers may have their own configurations, so it’s important to calculate the exact number of terminals before selecting the MDF module.
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