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**Stone Lotus Cultivation and Care Guide**
Stone lotus, commonly known as Sedum, is a genus of succulent plants that includes over 160 native species and countless cultivars. These plants typically form compact rosettes, though some varieties have short upright stems or branches. The leaves are fleshy and come in various shapes such as spoon-shaped, round, cylindrical, boat-shaped, lanceolate, and inversely lanceolate. Some varieties feature white or colored leaves, ranging from green and purple to red, brown, and even with striking patterns. In many cases, the leaf tips or edges turn red, adding visual interest.
Stone lotus thrives in warm, dry, and sunny conditions. It prefers well-drained, fertile sandy loam soil and should be kept away from cold, damp, or overly shaded areas. Winter temperatures should not drop below 10°C (50°F). If grown indoors for long periods, the plants may become leggy and lose their compact form. This plant is ideal for growing outdoors in regions south of the Yangtze River.
Propagation is most commonly done through cuttings, especially during spring and summer. You can use stem cuttings or individual leaves. For leaf propagation, place mature leaves on moist sand, ensuring they are facing up. No covering is needed, and roots usually appear within 10 days. Cuttings can also be used, particularly in spring. Indoor propagation is possible year-round, but the best results occur between August and October, when rooting is faster and survival rates are higher. Cuttings can be taken from single leaves, stems, or top shoots. Allow the cut ends to dry before planting in a sand bed. Rooting typically takes about 20 days, and the roots should be 2-3 cm long before transplanting. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to rot.
In colder regions, stone lotus is often grown in greenhouses. Repot every three to four months, adding some phosphate fertilizer. Fertilization is generally unnecessary unless the plant shows signs of poor growth. Although it tolerates shade, prolonged low-light conditions can cause thin, weak growth. To maintain its fullness, place the plant outdoors for a few hours each day.
Watering should be done carefully. While more frequent watering is needed in summer, it's important to avoid overwatering, especially in winter. Keep the soil slightly dry to prevent root rot. During hot summers, misting is preferable to direct watering, and avoid letting water collect in the center of the leaves to prevent rot.
The care routine is simple: repot in spring, remove dead or withered leaves, and use well-draining soil like coarse sand mixed with peat or humus. A dry environment is ideal during the growing season, and overwatering can cause the stems and leaves to stretch and weaken. In winter, if temperatures drop too low, reduce watering and stop fertilizing to encourage dormancy. Some varieties can tolerate temperatures as low as 0°C (32°F).
During the growing season, apply a diluted liquid compost or a balanced fertilizer high in phosphorus and potassium every 20 days. Avoid getting fertilizer on the leaves, and water in the morning or evening to help flush out any residue. In winter, keep the plant in a sunny spot. If nighttime temperatures stay around 10°C (50°F) with some temperature variation, you can water and fertilize sparingly. Otherwise, keep the soil dry and let the plant go dormant.