1. Description
Naipu G series Gravel and sand slurry pump is
designed specifically for continuous pumping of extremely aggressive
slurries, with a wide particle size distribution. Capable of handling
large particles at consistently high efficiencies results in low cost of
ownership. The large volume internal profile of the casing reduces
associated velocities further increasing component life.
2. G series gravel and sand slurry pump construction drawing
3. G series gravel and sand slurry pump select chart
4. G series gravel and sand slurry pump performance parameters
River Sand Pump,Horizontal Gravel Pump,Sand Dredging Pump,Gravel Sand Slurry Pumps Shijiazhuang Naipu Pump Co., Ltd. , https://www.naipu-pump.com
Typical Applications---
Slag Granulation
Suction Hopper Dredging
Dredging
Barge Loading
Sand Reclamation
Sugar Beet
In Chongqing, high temperatures are common during the summer season, which can significantly increase the rate of transpiration in grape leaves. As a result, the leaves not only absorb water from the roots through the stems but also compete with the fruits for available moisture. This competition can lead to dehydration and elevated fruit temperatures, potentially causing localized burns. These burns may result in shriveled grapes and the onset of a specific disease.
The disease typically begins about 30 days after the fruit starts growing. Initially, small brown spots appear on the pulp just beneath the skin of the fruit. If these spots develop rapidly, they form lesions that are usually round, oval, or elongated in shape. The size of the lesion can reach up to one-third of the fruit's surface area. At first, the lesion appears light brown, then darkens quickly, becomes sunken, and resembles a finger indentation. The affected area feels firm, while the vascular bundles beneath the lesion become cork-like and lose moisture. The outer skin feels hollow, though the fruit pieces generally do not fall off. In severe cases, multiple lesions may appear on a single fruit, damaging nearly half of it and halting its growth.
Lesions commonly occur in the middle or upper part of the fruit or near the fruit stalk. Importantly, this disease is not directly related to sunlight exposure. Instead, it tends to appear in shaded areas under the leaf canopy, on the inner parts of the clusters, and on the fruit that has been bagged.
The disease spreads randomly across the grape clusters, and the lesions on the fruit surface are usually scattered rather than clustered. When the condition is mild, only a few fruit spikes are affected, and the proportion of diseased clusters rarely exceeds 10%. However, in certain years and particularly in large-fruit varieties, the disease can become severe, leading to significant crop losses.
To prevent the disease, improving orchard management and enhancing the overall health of the vines is crucial. Here are some key measures:
1. Lower the groundwater level and improve drainage to promote healthy root activity by deepening the soil.
2. Maintain balanced soil moisture, especially avoiding overwatering throughout the growing season. After the rainy season, consider flooding or covering the ground with grass straw.
3. Control nitrogen fertilizer application and perform timely summer pruning to avoid excessive vegetative growth and reduce ineffective leaf area.
4. Apply calcium fertilizers such as calcium nitrate or amino acid calcium through foliar sprays. Calcium nitrate should be used at a concentration of 0.4% to 0.5%, while amino acid calcium, although containing less calcium, offers the highest absorption rate and is safer and more effective. It is recommended to use it during the early and mid-stages of the hard core period to support healthy growth and prevent disease.
5. Before the hard core stage, apply borax to the roots two to three times at a concentration of 0.1% to 0.15%. This practice can also help reduce the occurrence of the disease.
By implementing these strategies, growers can effectively manage and reduce the impact of this disease on their grape crops.